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| 四招让你出境旅行有恃无恐 |
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[ 2008-11-5 15:54:00 | By: lhfjp521 ] |
2005年在世界名城(埃及沙姆沙伊赫、英国伦敦、缅甸仰光、埃及开罗……)接二连三发生的恐怖事件，给国际旅游业蒙上了恐怖主义的阴影。据统计，从去年开始，世界知名城市及旅游景点遭受恐怖主义袭击的频率达到2001年“9·11”事件后的新高。
随着中国游客出境旅游目的地快速延伸到世界各个角落，我们遭遇国际恐怖主义袭击的风险是否也在升高？有必要因为恐怖主义停止旅行的脚步吗？如何在国际旅行中做到有恃无恐？
无需停止旅行脚步
美国著名的全球城市理论学者SaskiaSassen曾指出，正是由于名城在政治、经济、文化等领域的价值更容易产生轰动效应和恐怖威慑力量，从上世纪90年代以来，国际恐怖主义形式已从以劫机为主演变为袭击世界重要城市。自新千年以来，几乎每年都有至少一次恐怖主义事件发生在著名旅游城市或景点——无论是2001年的纽约，2002年的巴厘岛，2003年的卡萨布兰卡和伊斯坦布尔，2004年的马德里，还是今年的伦敦和沙姆沙伊赫，而这些事件造成的损失和国际影响往往尤其严重。
恐怖主义对国际旅客构成的潜在威胁、越来越突出，但这并不足以阻止人们旅行的脚步。因为惧怕恐怖袭击而减少甚至停止长途旅行，从某种意义上恰恰有助于恐怖主义的阴谋得逞。
伦敦爆炸案发生后不久，为了恢复人们对乘坐陆上公共交通工具外出旅行的信心，加拿大的一家独立研究机构——维多利亚交通政策学会就发布了一项研究报告，通过对大部分欧美国家公共交通和私人驾车事故死亡率的比较，得出结论：私人驾车交通事故在伤亡率上远比借助公共交通工具实施的恐怖主义来得危险。比如，报告中揭示的一组数据：今年7月7日伦敦地铁及公交车连环爆炸案的死亡人数，仅相当于平均6天内因自驾车事故在英国道路上死亡的人数；2004年马德里火车爆炸中死亡的191人，仅相当于平均12天内因普通交通事故在西班牙道路上死亡的人数。
事实上，许多研究都表明，虽然恐怖主义活动本身经过周密的策划，真正遭遇恐怖袭击却有着极大的偶然性，至于这种偶然性的几率，比我们一生中遭遇雷击的几率还低很多。
防恐于未然
一、目的地的选择
有专家建议，判断哪些地方真的不能去，不妨综合三家世界最知名的政府出游指导网站——美国国务院的国际旅行帮助网站(http://travel.state.gov)，加拿大外交部的出境旅游帮助网站(www.voyage.gc.ca)及澳大利亚外交部的精明旅行者网站(www.smartraveller.gov.au)取它们各自在同一时期发布出游警告名单的交集。
二、对陌生环境保持警觉
陌生和嘈杂的环境如机场、火车站、闹市区、旅游景点等，往往隐藏着更多安全隐患。通过直觉和观察发现这些隐患，并采取适当的行动避开它们，对在陌生目的地旅行的游客十分重要。美国作家PaulHeller在他的《国际旅行安全手册》中推荐了培养上述直觉和观察力的方法——像许多大学新闻专业对学生要求的那样，随时随地用笔记录下自己周围的所有细节。Heller说他过去是一个对周边环境极其迟钝的人，在强迫自己进行了一个月的“现场笔录”训练后，他发现自己的观察能力和对环境的敏感程度都有了极大的进步。这样的训练对长途旅行者可谓得天独厚，在机场或火车站等候出发时，或在旅游景点的长椅或咖啡厅发呆时均可进行，没人会对你的“小动作”大惊小怪，而你甚至可以将它当做一种解闷的游戏。
在训练了感知环境的基本能力后，应该让自己的观察更有目的性：在相对封闭的公共场合(如机场、火车站、地铁、商场、俱乐部、博物馆等)了解安全出口和楼梯的位置；尽量避免在人群，特别是欧美人扎堆的地方停留过长时间，避开易燃易碎易坍塌的沉重物体；警惕身边举止和神色异常的人；友好地同陌生人交流，但在谈及自己的旅行目的，计划和行程时有所保留，远离无人看管或认领的行李，并及时向保安人员通报等等。
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In 2005 the city (Egypt, London, Burma sharm el-sheikh, Egypt Cairo...) Rangoon series of terrorist incident happened to the international tourism, the shadow of terrorism. According to statistics, from last year, world famous tourist city and the frequency of terrorist attacks in 2001 to the September 11 incident record high.Chinese tourists traveling destination with rapid exit to every corner of the world, we encounter international terrorist attacks in the rise of risk is also? Necessary for terrorism stop travel steps? How do in international travel cited in?
Travel without stop
The famous global city SaskiaSassen scholars pointed, theory is due to the city in the political, economic and cultural fields to the value of sensation and terrorist deterrent from the 1990s, international terrorism has been dominated by hijack forms an important city in the world for attacks. Turn over a new leaf, almost every year since the millennium at least a terrorist incident in the famous tourism city or attractions -- whether in 2001, 2002 Bali in New York, 2003, 2004 and Istanbul casablanca, or the Madrid this year, while the London and sharm el-sheikh loss caused by these events, especially serious influence and often.
Terrorism on international passenger constitute the potential threat, more and more outstanding, but it is not enough to prevent people travel steps. Because fear and even stop terrorist attacks, long journey from a sense just help terrorist plots.
London bombings, in order to recover soon after the occurrence of people on public transportation travel on the confidence, Canada's an independent research institutions, Victoria traffic policy institute just released a study by most countries in Europe and America, and public transportation and private driving accidents mortality, conclusions: private driving traffic accidents in the casualty rate than using public transport implementation of terrorism more dangerous. For example, the report in a group of data: on July 7th bombings London subway and bus to the death toll on average, only six days since the accident in Britain internal driving the number of deaths from road, In 2004, Madrid train explosion killed 191 people, as the average only 12 days in Spain ordinary traffic accident cause death toll roads.
In fact, many studies show that although terrorism itself after thorough planning, real terrorist attacks encounter with great chanciness, for this part of the chance in life than we encounter, low risk of lightning.
Prevent development
A destination of choice,
Some experts suggest that judge what really can't go, comprehensive three world tour guide, one of the most famous government website -- the international travel help website (http://travel.state.gov), Canada's foreign ministry outbound travel help website (www.voyage.gc.ca) and Australia's foreign ministry shrewd www.smartraveller.gov.au) (traveler take their travel warnings issued at the same time the intersection of list.
Second, unfamiliar environment alert
Strange and noisy environment such as airports, railway stations, downtown, tourist attractions, usually hidden more safety lapses. Through these hidden intuition and observation, and take appropriate action to avoid them, the tourists traveling destination in strange is very important. American writer PaulHeller in his international travel security handbook are recommended in the cultivation of the observation methods of intuition and - as many college students' requirements of journalism, anytime record yourself with all the details of around. He used to be a Heller said to surrounding environment, in the very slow on the force yourself to a record of the ", "training, he found himself on the observation and the environment are sensitive to a great progress. Such training is advantageous for long-distance travelers in airport, railway or the start, or wait on the bench or cafe tourist attractions can be dazed when nobody will to your ", and "sessions about you can even make it as a kind of dispelling game
In the training of basic skills environmental awareness, should make their observations more ambitious: relatively isolated in public places (such as airports, railway stations, subway, shopping mall, clubs, museums, etc) understanding the safety and export of stairs. Try to avoid the crowds, especially in Europe where people stick out for a long time, and had to stay to avoid the collapse of inflammable fragile objects in heavy, Manners and look around wary of abnormal, Friendly with strangers, but when it comes to their travel plans and stroke,, away from the unattended bags, or claim to the security personnel and timely reporting, etc.
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